Orthopedic prosthesis
Orthopedic Prosthesisfic Metals
Abstract Ceramics are with success used for quite forty years for orthopaedic prostheses, as articulating bearing surfaces against ceramic or compound parts. Nowadays, ceramics stay one in every of the foremost used biomaterials within the orthopaedic field. Despite the outstanding performance of ceramics, some problems associated with their failure still stay, requiring the sturdy contribution of research project to supply resolution to such problems. This paper traces the history of the ceramic materials employed in orthopaedic clinics, light their mechanical properties and also the chemical and physical characteristics, emphasizes the various innovations that have occurred over the years, and at last provides an in depth analysis of the most causes of failure of ceramic hip implants. Alumina was hand-picked as a biomaterial around forty years agone for its best biological safety and stability within the living atmosphere. However, the intrinsic properties of pure corundum limit its mechanical properties, particularly the low fracture toughness. For this reason, development of composites was pursued, as a brand new category of ceramic biomaterials to be employed in orthopaedics. However, total hip implants gift some failures due numerous causes: i.e., twin in female-to-male taper, roundness, roughness or dimensionality errors within the taper, severe traumatic accidents, etc., that square measure revised and mentioned within the frame of this chapter. Therefore, the aim of this contribution is parenthetically the properties of the ceramics employed in total hip surgical process and to revise the causes of failures of those biomaterials.
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